Alternative Methods for Deicing
https://clearroads.org/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/FR_CR.18-05.pdf
Note page 5 references 40 gal l-m
Salt brine was the most commonly reported anti-icer used with application rates ranging from 15 to 200 gals/l-m, followed by magnesium chloride brine used at application rates of 15 to 200 gals/l-m. The average liquid application rate was about 40 gals/l-m. Many respondents indicated that they use blends with agriculturally derived products and/or corrosion inhibitors.
Road salts, human safety, and the rising salinity of our fresh waters
https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fee.2433
Benefit–Cost of Various Winter Maintenance Strategies
http://clearroads.org/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/FR_CR.13-03_Final.pdf
Pass the Salt: Efficient Snow & Ice Management
https://www.uvm.edu/seagrant/sites/default/files/uploads/Santoso_GreenSnowProHandouts_sm.pdf
Clear Roads Deicing video, discussing research into solutions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gg-bZqWSTC4